Overview of …
1.12 System Design for Efficient Low-Load Heating
This part of the Energy Efficiency Manual presents energy conservation measures that improve the efficiency of your central heating systems during periods of time when the heating load is low. The sizes of the boilers in most heating plants are determined primarily by the peak heating loads that are expected. However, in most applications, the average heating load is much lower than the peak load. As a result, energy is wasted by inefficient operation of the boilers and by excessive energy consumption by auxiliary equipment. This Subsection provides the most practical methods of minimizing low-load energy waste.